(en)A method for treating sludge in which sludge is poured onto an advancing sheet of unwoven fabric or paper. The sheet carrying the sludge is pressed and heated to dehydrate the sludge utilizing waste heat of exhaust heat and radiated heat of an incineration process. The sheet carrying dehydrated sludge is helically wound on the outer circumference of a drying cylinder, and incinerated to supply heat for drying.

1.ApplicationNumber: US-87576801-A
1.PublishNumber: US-2002190009-A1
2.Date Publish: 20021219
3.Inventor: NAKAMURA SHINICHI
FUKUZUKA KUNIHIKO
NAGAYOSHI KENJI

4.Inventor Harmonized: NAKAMURA SHINICHI(JP)
FUKUZUKA KUNIHIKO(JP)
NAGAYOSHI KENJI(JP)

5.Country: US
6.Claims:
(en)A method for treating sludge in which sludge is poured onto an advancing sheet of unwoven fabric or paper. The sheet carrying the sludge is pressed and heated to dehydrate the sludge utilizing waste heat of exhaust heat and radiated heat of an incineration process. The sheet carrying dehydrated sludge is helically wound on the outer circumference of a drying cylinder, and incinerated to supply heat for drying.

7.Description:
(en)DETAILED EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Industrial Field of Utilization
[0002] This invention pertains to a treatment method for water containing items or organic solvent containing items that is small-scale, simple and very effective, using a gas permeable, water permeable sheet, that can dehydrate or remove solvent, dry and incinerate biological waste with a large organic solvent content or water content of sludge or sludge-form that is recovered from things like water containing items, or clean various components, metal materials and machine wash [run-off] liquid waste and storage tanks of things like recovery from chemical apparatus, waste water treatment apparatus, raw [sludge] and waste disposal processes, and things like sewers, rivers, lakes, marshes, harbors, stocked ponds or cisterns.
[0003] +P1
Prior Art
[0004] Previously, there were problems such as using things like a filter press, belt press or drum type suction dehydrator for filtering and dehydrating water containing items like sludge that were recovered from things like chemical apparatus, waste water treatment, drying, incinerating, raw [sludge], and waste disposal processes and things like sewers, rivers, lakes, marshes, harbors, stocked ponds or cisterns, because of the expense of these, and the necessity of using a specific drying apparatus for drying the previously dehydrated sludge.
[0005] Disposal by reclaiming is general for final disposal of industrial waste, but is unusually complex for dehydration of 85% or less that necessitates the use of dehydration apparatus, as in previous items, for things like waste water treatment and industrial waste water treatment facilities due to requiring a water content of 85% or less by dehydration when incinerated by disposal standards by reclaiming in this case, and the requirement of a reclaiming disposal after incineration treatment by public or private disposal incineration facilities being left to industrialists for dehydrated sludge was a problem; currently, diffusion of combined treatment layers is advanced such as waste water treatment being possible at the source generating the waste water, but requiring another dehydration and incineration is a problem during conveyance to a waste disposal facility by vacuum curing by storage in a storage tank for sludge that is output from a sludge concentrating apparatus with sludge treatment being further complicated in this case.
[0006] These inventors applied for
[0007] (1) Japanese Patent Application [No.] H-10-193773 “Waste Disposal System Using Waste-Holding Pouch to Waste-Holding Pouch”
[0008] (2) Japanese Patent Application [No.] H10-254512 “Waste Water Treatment Method and Its Treatment Device”
[0009] (3) Japanese Patent Application [No.] H10-268924 “Floatation Elimination Recovery Treatment Method on Water Surface and Its Treatment Apparatus”
[0010] (4) Japanese Patent Application [No.] H10-340973 “A Waste Water Combined Treatment Cleaning System and Its Combined Treatment Washing Apparatus” and
[0011] (5) Japanese Patent Application [No.] H11-76433 “Sludge Treatment System and Its Treatment Apparatus”
[0012] for solving these problems with methods that draw out a long unwoven fabric that is wound in a roll and that filters, dehydrates and dries by carrying water containing items like sludge on it.
[0013] 4/15
[0014] [These] are unusually effective for many combined treatment [requiring] sludge, cohesive treatment sludge, fluid oils that float on the water surface and plankton (red tide), but the drying period is long due to the wringing after filtering being inadequate for water containing sludge of the one part, and [these] come off the sheet in drying processes for water containing items, and the soot elimination in exhaust gas that is output from incineration processes of dried sheet sludge is a problem.
[0015] Unusually harmful substances such as dioxin are by-products due to incineration methods for water containing waste such as sludge and slurries, and the possibility of preventing the by-products by raising the incineration temperature is well known; however, the complexities for increasing the incineration temperature by a small-scale, simple incineration apparatus is a problem.
[0016] [Problems To Be Solved by the Invention]
[0017] Water containing waste like sludge or biological waste or organic solvent containing waste, of any kind or item, is continuously removed with a long unwoven fabric, and simple filtering, dehydration and drying can be done by [waste] being carried on it; that does not come off the sheet during elimination and a method with a small-scale inexpensive apparatus that can perform simple elimination of things like soot elimination of exhaust gas or flue gas are offered by this invention for solving these problems.
[0018] [Means for Solving the Problems]
[0019] A device is devised as follows by this invention for solving the aforementioned problems.
[0020] [This invention] is devised such as a sheet, which is suspended and which carries sludge, hangs down from the weight of the sludge in a swollen form when a supply of unwoven fabric or paper is in continuous removing filtering process 2 with a long unwoven fabric or paper that is wound on a roll and is supplied for things like sludge on it; under this sheet as a cross section in the advancing direction of the sheet is a [untranslatable: sunoko; literally: a hurdle], metal net or car form support means 22 which is a U-shaped water permeable one that is open on top, the width becomes narrow and thick [in depth] by the previous movement, and its cross-sectional shape changes for the shape of the support means for the sheet of things like unwoven fabric that carries things like sludge.
[0021] The sheet 25 that carries the filtered sludge is dehydrated by wringing by dehydration process 3 with things like a guide roller 31 and a wringing roller 32 that contacts that, as things like utilized unwoven fabrics, unwoven fabrics like cellulose types and polyester types that have lower costs and are effective for any reclaiming are desirable, and biodegradable ones, by organisms for reclaiming without incinerating, durable paper or unwoven fabric that is like paper are especially desirable.
[0022] Thus, a sheet 25 , which carries water containing items like sludge, has continuous dehydration treatment in dehydration process 3 , and there is breaking up during elimination when pulled in drying process 4 by pulling roller 43 , but this is prevented; the method, such that there is no breaking up during elimination, is shown in FIG. 4; a filtered sludge sheet 25 is sandwiched by wringing belt 34 that endlessly rotates of 2 phases that are water permeable from both sides, this contacted surface advances in the same direction, and cylinder shaped rollers 33 , of which are 2 on the sides of that, compress and dehydrate the sludge sheet by means of a belt.
[0023] The wringing rollers 33 are established as 2 or more pairs and the sludge, which is sandwiched by two folds of unwoven cloth with that is opened on top, like a Nagoya belt, and there is successive dehydration by successive sandwiching intervals of those since the incremental pressing pressure can be increased; flowability does not accompany that, and things like sludge do not overflow and spill out even during stronger compressions.
[0024] A dehydrated sheet is wound up from one end of a rotating cylinder that is heated for drying use in the following drying process 4 , and advances to the other end in a helical fashion by the outer circumference of the cylinder rotating a number of times; the dried sludge sheet 42 is inserted inside incineration container 51 by being pulled by pulling roller 43 , upper section incineration tube 52 is inside of the rotating drying cylinder 41 , and the heat of the radiated heat and the heat of the exhaust gas that are generated by that incineration tube can be utilized for drying.
[0025] Drying cylinders that are positioned such as the center of the circle with 3 to 20 instead of one drying cylinder, desirably 6 to 12 pipe or thin cylindrical rollers across, as being parallel to the outside surface of the incineration tube are desired; even only the outer wall or pipe or thin cylindrical rollers with 1 each on the outer wall and inner wall,
[0026] rotate a number of times helically in the direction from up to down on the arranged circumferences, and being disks is the same as when there are cylinders with pulling and drying by the sheet driving device: pulling roller 43 , that is in an upper section.
[0027] The dried sludge sheet is desired with the outer circumference of the plurality of rotating rollers that are positioned for the drying cylinders or disks also have helical revolving advancement from down to up, not just advancing from up to down; also, not only vertical, but horizontal or slanted positioning is also fine for things like drying cylinders, and [they] can also be used by positioning as two-fold or more when a plurality of rotating rollers is established as disks instead of cylinders.
[0028] Heating the drying cylinder by utilizing the heat of radiated heat or exhaust gas that is generated by an incineration tube for drying is desirable, but the use of ordinary heating devices like electric heat, steam and hot water within that is also fine.
[0029] An incineration process is configured within or after the drying process 4 of long cylinder form, and is established with a configuration such as can effectively utilize the burning heat of the dried sludge sheet, the fed dried sludge sheet 42 is burned up from the end by small flame of ignition burner-auxiliary burner 54 that is established within incineration container 51 or incineration tube 52 , and the ashes can be stored at the lower ash collection plate 53 .
[0030] High heat is generated by aluminum and iron oxide or other metal oxides violently reacting by the incineration heat of the dried sludge sheet when the sludge is heated in things like filtering process 2 or a sludge tube when things like a powder or flakes that are respectively independently or mixed of aluminum and iron oxide or other metal oxides are heated in an incineration container 51 for increasing the burning temperature of the incineration process for preventing the generation of dioxin; harmful substances such as dioxin are not generated, although things like organic chloride compounds are contained in things like sludge, due to high temperatures that exceed 800° C.
[0031] When powders or fine flakes of aluminum and iron oxide or other metal oxides, which are initially independent or mixed, are incorporated on the aforementioned filter sheet, and adhered durable
[0032] 7/15 and water permeable unwoven fabrics or durable treated paper can also be used.
[0033] The exhaust and flue gas from incineration process 5 are exhausted into the atmosphere through a smokestack from a duct after being utilized for the heating and drying of drying cylinder 41 ; the exhaust elimination process 6 that is established in the duct elimination has a construction such that a new sheet 12 , before being used for filtering sludge by being drawn from a roller, moves by intersecting the ducts of the exhaust or flue gas ducts that contain flue gas, and the flue gas that is contained in that is collected on the long sheet surface of the unwoven fabric or paper and the soot that is contained in the flue gases is eliminated when the exhaust and flue exhaust are filtered with the surface of this long sheet 12 of unwoven fabric or paper.
[0034] [Actual Embodiments of the Invention]
[0035] Actual embodiments of the Invention are explained by referring to the figures that are based on the actual examples.



ACTUAL EXAMPLE 1
[0036] FIG. 1 is a system flow chart that shows actual configurations and functions of all basic processes from unwoven fabric or paper supply process 1 , filtering process 2 , dehydration process 3 , drying process 4 and incineration process 5 to exhaust elimination process 6 .
[0037] An unwoven fabric or paper sheet 11 [sic] that is wound on a roll is positioned on 2 free rollers 16 ; sheet driving device: pulling roller 43 and drivable guide roller 17 continuously draw out from roll 11 , and [the sheet is] sent in a sequence of process 1 → 6 → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5 . Guide roller 17 is not always driven, and it being used as a free roller for part of the process, is fine.
[0038] An advancing sheet, having things like durability and water permeability, is arranged on guide roller 17 and, through elimination process 6 , by filtering process 2 , is stretched horizontally on support means 22 , and swells and hangs down from the weight when things like sludge pour from a supply nozzle 21 onto that, and is supported by sludge sheet support means 22 of metal mesh form, which is durable and has a unshaped cross-section and which is established under that, and the sludge that is filtered by a sheet, which is water permeable, of things like unwoven fabric, is moved by being carried on the sheet; since the filtered filtrate is received on receiving plate 23 ,
[0039] it is discharged externally from filtrate discharge port 24 .
[0040] A sheet that carries filtered sludge is contacted, with compressing and wringing, by guide roller in dehydration process 3 , the dehydrated sludge sheet 33 that has the water part of the sludge adequately wrung out is advanced to drying process 4 , and is heated and dried by the waste heat of radiated heat and exhaust of incineration process 5 while the outer circumference of heated drying cylinder 41 helically revolves in a direction from one end to the other end; this dried sludge sheet 42 is pulled by a sheet driving device that is on the lower section of drying cylinder 41 : pulling roller 43 , and, further, is fed into incineration process 5 .
[0041] A small-scale burner 54 is established for ignition within incineration process 5 ; the sheet 42 with dried sludge that comes to be fed is lit and burned by ignition burner 54 . The long sheet of unwoven fabric or paper that surrounds the dried sludge begins burning and the dried sludge is simultaneously burned, the burned-up sludge sheet falls on the fire grating 56 that is underneath and is burned, and the burned ashes are stored in the ash collection vessel 57 that is under fire grating 56 .
[0042] The exhaust and flue gas that are output from the drying process 4 and incineration process 5 are induced by an exhaust fan 61 that is positioned between the duct and the smokestack and exhausted externally from the smokestack; the unwoven fabric sheets 13 , 14 , before being used for filtering, are drawn from the roll and are introduced to guide roller 17 that is positioned within exhaust duct (exhaust and flue gas elimination process 6 ) and doubled back within the duct, that is, exhaust and flue gas elimination process 6 , and advanced. The exhaust and flue gas that pass within the duct are supplied between the sheets 13 and 14 , powder adheres only to the surface of one side since 13 passes through from the middle down and 14 passes through from the middle up and the adhered surface powder elimination is directed upward by filtering process 2 by a guide roller 17 before entering into filtering process 2 .
ACTUAL EXAMPLE 2
[0043] Conditions beyond the sludge sheet support means 22 are well related by the actual example that is shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is this sludge sheet support means 22 , and being a metal-type or plastic-type so-called punching plate form with small holes or slits is also fine since there is a metal mesh type receiving plate form one. The sludge sheet 25 that sandwiches the sludge is positioned such as the rotational axis being vertical,
[0044] and advances such as passing through intervals of wringing rollers 31 , 32 that are 1 pair to a plurality of pairs in corresponding [sets] of 2.
[0045] The initial 2 among the 4 rollers 31 , 32 in FIG. 2 are arranged linearly in the advancing direction of sheet 2 and should be arranged linearly in the advancing direction since the latter 2 are of small width; passing through this sandwiching interval, [the sheet] is compressed and wrung by the 4 rollers, and 5 or more increments of rollers are also desirable. The wringing pressure is further increased by the establishment of sequential sandwiching of the intervals corresponding to the thickness of the sheet becoming smaller by wringing out the water part. The wringing roller increment number is desired to be high, and is fine when the sludge passes through 3˜5 increments.
[0046] This actual example is constructed with test situations for determining the treatment conditions of the filtering process, dehydration process and drying process; and, heat is from an electric heater inside of drying tank 41 . Test are performed for 1 sedimentation sludge of combined treatment [requiring] layers, 2 ice cream waste liquid, 3 household biological garbage disposer-treated waste. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0047] Test Conditions
[0048] 1. Utilized Unwoven Fabric:
[0049] Taiko TCF #6025 Material: Cellulose-type
[0050] (Weight per Area: 25 g/m 2 Sheet Width: 20 cm)
[0051] 2. Crude Liquid Treatment Amount was 50 ml/min for 2 and was 80 ml/min for 1 and 3 .
[0052] The treatment effectiveness varied according to the crude liquid, the water content that can be ignited by an ignition burner after drying when previously determined experimentally was 40% and less for 1 and 3 , and 50% and less for 2 , and the crude liquid treatment amount was determined as in the above-mentioned as can agree with this.
[0053] 3 The sheet advancing rate was established at 4 cm/min for 2 and at 35 cm/min for 1, 3 .
[0054] 4. The outside surface temperature of the drying tank 41 was controlled such as being 100˜105° C.
[0055] A method with a guide roller compresses and wrings through direct contact with a sheet that carries sludge that was filtered by dehydration process 3 of the actual example that is shown in FIG. 2 is explained, and has breaking and leaking according to the variety and condition of things like the sludge or unwoven fabric. Also, as in FIG. 4, while such that both sides were sandwiched and maintained by a water permeable endless belt that advances at the same rate in the same direction as the sheet, this was done in such a way as indirect wringing being done by wringing rollers 32 on the outside with the wringing rollers 32 being 1 pair, but can be constructed such as increasing the increments of wringing pressure with wringing pressure with sandwiched sludge being suspended when sandwiched in 2 intervals with 2 pairs or more as previously performed.
ACTUAL EXAMPLE 3
[0056] A drying process is such as 2 sets being introduced into one apparatus through each process beyond the incineration process and parts of the set of 2 dried sludge sheets entering one incineration process together with 3 pipe rollers, with a length of 120 cm vertically [positioned], instead of cylinders, and arranged in a circle, since the actual example that is shown in FIG. 5 is an important part of sludge treatment apparatus that was exhibited in an international food industry exhibit that was at Tokyo Biggusaide[?] from May 15.
Operating Conditions 1. Utilized Unwoven Fabric: Taiko TCF #6025 Material: Cellulose Type (Weight per Area 25 g/m 2 , Sheet Width 20 cm, Roll Diameter 90 cm, Length 2000 m) 2. Apparatus Conditions Dimensions: Width 215 cm Depth 48 cm Height 175 cm Treated Length of Sheet During Process: Filtering Process 60 cm Dehydration Process 36 cm Drying Process 1260 cm

[0057] The operating results are shown in Table 2.
[0058] The combined treatment [-requiring] sludge was without penetration of the water component, even when manually controlled, by being well dried, comparable to Actual Example 2, as shown in Table 2, and was easily lit by ignition burner by being almost as if folded with a pull when held and folded with little force by the fingers of both hands. Further, a form with excessive oil did not have overflow when the water part was lost in the case of ice cream waste liquid, and was easily lit and violently burned when the water content was less than 50%.
[0059] The actual example, which is shown in FIG. 4, adds 0.03% commercial thermite agent [Thermit] (aluminum powder and iron oxide powder mixture) to sludge with a water content of 98.5% for the previously existing sludge when treating sludge that has a risk due to containing organic chlorine compounds; [these] are stirred and mixed well and the thermite agent is such that there is an addition ratio of 2% for the dried sludge.
[0060] The burning temperature is 650° C. when a thermite agent is not added, but the temperature of the burning component is raised to 865° C. inside the burning tube 51 , and can be maintained at the 800° C. and above of for the waste incineration established dioxin guidelines of the Welfare Ministry.
RESULTS OF THE INVENTION
[0061] This invention displays results as described below by being configured as in the above-mentioned explanation.
[0062] (a) The invention as in claim 1 presses on sludge without overflowing, even though it is very packed, by supporting a pouch with sludge entered by positioning a support means under a sludge sheet with [sludge] poured on an unwoven fabric sheet; heating and drying are simple such as a dehydrated sludge sheet being heated as a long belt form and wound by a cylinder since there can be dehydration, and can be continuously incinerated when sent into the incineration tube in that manner.
[0063] (b) The invention as in claim 2 is without any damage to the sheet by indirectly pressing on the sheet by a wide surface area by a rotating belt, and can solve the problem of easily breaking when a sludge sheet passes through intervals of rollers which normally directly corresponds, and can increase the wringing results.
[0064] (c) The invention as in claim 3 smoothly revolves the circumference of a number of respectively rotating thin pipes
[0065] and is effective from both aspects of the space and lost [untranslatable: ene; probably: energy] since waste heat of the incineration tube radiated heat and exhaust is utilized inside this; also, the drying treatment ability can be increased by one sheet revolving two times or three times when simultaneously drying a plurality of sheets that are sent to the aforementioned process by two-fold or 3-fold the plurality of pipes being established in a circle form since the flow of steam that is generated due to pipe intervals is good.
[0066] (d) The invention as in claim 4 can eliminate soot of the exhaust and flue gas that are output from the drying process 4 and incineration process 5 of the sheet that is gas permeable of things like unwoven fabric, before being used for filtration, by a simple method of being drawn from a roll, and the sheet has the possibility of elimination treatment with a desirable continued efficiency since a continuous new treatment surface can be offered.
[0067] (e) The invention as in claim 5 can be utilized for the filtering of things like sludge until many [-fold] the width of a sheet by there being a support means, and is simple in the following wringing process, since the width of the support means relative to the support of the sheet is sandwiched thickly.
[0068] (f) The invention as in claim 6 has a powder of aluminum and iron oxide added to the sludge when incinerating the dried sludge with a sheet in an incineration process, thus obtaining a burning temperature that is high at 800° C. or above by heat generation of a thermit reaction even in a simple burning apparatus, and can prevent the generation of dioxin even though organic chloride compounds are contained in the sludge.
[0069] (g) The invention as in claim 7 , along with having the performance of the addition of aluminum and iron oxide powder to sludge, can be further utilized when established by adherence when incorporating mixed aluminum and iron oxide powder when an unwoven fabric or water permeable treated paper is manufactured. Further, the burning temperature can be raised by directly reacting thermit agents that are added to unwoven fabric when lighting things like sludge near a surface that is well dried with an unwoven fabric sheet.
[0070] (h) An invention as in claim 8 has filtration and drying of things like unwoven fabric that are used in sludge treatment performed by a sheet with soot adhered by utilization for soot elimination and soot that is adhered along with things like sludge is also
[0071] 13/15 completely incinerated, and things like ashes that are generated during burning can also be burned.
[0072] [Simple Explanation of the Figures]
[0073] [FIG. 1]
[0074] [This] is a process diagram that shows each process as an actual embodiment of this invention.
[0075] [FIG. 2]
[0076] [This] is a diagonal-view that shows the doubled folding by a guide roller by horizontal stretching in a filtering process by drawing an unwoven fabric sheet from a roll.
[0077] [FIG. 3]
[0078] [This] is a diagonal-view of a support means that supports a sheet that hangs down due to being swollen by the pouring on of sludge and provides form.
[0079] [FIG. 4]
[0080] [This] is an explanatory diagram that shows a situation with an apparatus of a wringing belt of a dehydration process and a situation with a sheet brought to a helical shape by winding to a drying tube.
[0081] [FIG. 5]
[0082] [This] is a diagonal-view that shows all processes and shows an actual example using 8 rotating pipes in a drying process.
[Explanation of the Symbols] 1 feeding process of things like unwoven fabric or paper 11 roll of things like unwoven fabric or paper 12 advancing sheet of things like unwoven fabric or paper 13 exhaust, flue gas entrance 14 exhaust, flue gas exit 15 sheet pulling roller 16 free roller 17 drivable guide roller 2 filtering process 21 supply nozzle of things like sludge 22 sludge sheet support means 14/15 23 filtrate receiving vessel 24 filtrate discharge port 25 filtered sludge sheet 3 dehydration process 31 guide roller 32 wringing roller 33 dehydrated filtered sheet 34 wringing belt 35 belt pressing roller 4 drying process 41 drying cylinder 42 dried sludge sheet 43 pulling roller 44 roller driving motor 45 sheet winding roller 46 electric heater 5 incineration process 51 incineration container 52 upper incineration tube 53 fire grating 54 gas pipe 55 ignition burner 56 ash receiving vessel 57 ash removing screw conveyor 58 exhaust, flue gas duct 6 elimination process 61 exhaust fan 62 eliminated exhaust exit