(en)A wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power supply coils, and wirelessly performing power transfer from the power supply coils to a power receiver, includes an entire controller. The entire controller is configured to control the power transfer performed by wirelessly transmitting and receiving powers of the power supply coils and the power receiver, in accordance with confirming power transfer ranges of the plurality of power supply coils.

1.ApplicationNumber: US-201514861091-A
1.PublishNumber: US-2016013666-A1
2.Date Publish: 20160114
3.Inventor: UCHIDA AKIYOSHI

4.Inventor Harmonized: UCHIDA AKIYOSHI(JP)

5.Country: US
6.Claims:
(en)A wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power supply coils, and wirelessly performing power transfer from the power supply coils to a power receiver, includes an entire controller. The entire controller is configured to control the power transfer performed by wirelessly transmitting and receiving powers of the power supply coils and the power receiver, in accordance with confirming power transfer ranges of the plurality of power supply coils.

7.Description:
(en)CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a continuation application and is based upon PCT/JP2013/058758, filed on Mar. 26, 2013, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.


FIELD
Embodiments discussed herein relate to a wireless power transfer system and a wireless power transfer method.
BACKGROUND
In order to perform power supply or perform charging, wireless power transfer techniques have been gaining attention. Research and development are being conducted regarding a wireless power transfer system wirelessly performing power transfer to various electronic apparatuses such as mobile terminals and notebook computers and household electrical appliances or to power infrastructure equipment.
Note that, in general, a strong coupling wireless power transfer technology uses four procedures of electromagnetic induction, magnetic field resonance, electric field induction, and electric field resonance.
Conventionally, techniques using electromagnetic induction, and techniques using radio waves are known as this kind of wireless power transfer, and for example, the wireless power transfer using electromagnetic induction has been used to transmit power to various consumer electronics such as a shaver or an electric toothbrush.
On the other hand, recently, there have been raised expectations for power transfer techniques using magnetic field resonance and electric field resonance as techniques being capable of transferring power to a plurality of power receivers while placing each power receiver at a certain distance from a power source, or to various three-dimensional positions of each power receiver.
In a wireless power transfer system using resonance phenomena, a high efficiency power transfer may be possible, even though distances or sizes of respective power sources and power receivers. Further, when a power receiver is located at a position within an area of overlapping power transfer areas (power transfer ranges) of a plurality of power sources, a high efficiency of wirelessly transferring power may be realized for various postured power receivers by optimizing intensities and phases of the respective power sources.
As described above, power transfer suitable for a position or posture of the power receiver may be performed by controlling intensities and phases of outputs of a plurality of power sources wherein power transfer ranges of the power sources are overlapped.
However, when the number of power sources is plural, calculations for obtaining phases and intensities of the power sources may become complicated. Specifically, when a power receiver is located at a position within an area of overlapping power transfer ranges of a plurality of power sources, so as to perform an optimized power transfer, the plurality of power sources may be controlled, and therefore, a processing time for calculating the phases and intensities becomes long and resources for performing calculations becomes large.
Therefore, in the wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power sources and a plurality of power receivers where power transfer ranges are overlapped, there are some fears that power transfer may not performed in an optimum state. Further, for example, practical realizations of a wireless power transfer system using magnetic field resonance or electric field resonance may be delayed.
A variety of wireless power transfer techniques have conventionally been proposed.
Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2011-199975 Patent Document 2: Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2008-283789 Non-Patent Document 1: UCHIDA Akiyoshi, et al., “Phase and Intensity Control of Multiple Coil Currents in Resonant Magnetic Coupling,” IMWS-IWPT2012, THU-C-1, pp. 53-56, May 10-11, 2012 Non-Patent Document 2: ISHIZAKI Toshio, et al., “3-D Free-Access WPT System for Charging Movable Terminals,” IMWS-IWPT2012, FRI-H-1, pp. 219-222, May 10-11, 2012

SUMMARY
According to an aspect of the embodiments, there is provided a wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power supply coils, and wirelessly performing power transfer from the power supply coils to a power receiver, includes an entire controller.
The entire controller is configured to control the power transfer performed by wirelessly transmitting and receiving powers of the power supply coils and the power receiver, in accordance with confirming power transfer ranges of the plurality of power supply coils.
The object and advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the claims.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are not restrictive of the invention.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically depicting one example of a wireless power transfer system;
FIG. 2A is a diagram (1) for illustrating a modified example of a transmission coil in the wireless power transfer system of FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 2B is a diagram (2) for illustrating a modified example of the transmission coil in the wireless power transfer system of FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 2C is a diagram (3) for illustrating a modified example of the transmission coil in the wireless power transfer system of FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 3A is a circuit diagram (1) depicting an example of an independent resonance coil;
FIG. 3B is a circuit diagram (2) depicting an example of the independent resonance coil;
FIG. 3C is a circuit diagram (3) depicting an example of the independent resonance coil;
FIG. 3D is a circuit diagram (4) depicting an example of the independent resonance coil;
FIG. 4A is a circuit diagram (1) depicting an example of a resonance coil connected to a load or a power supply;
FIG. 4B is a circuit diagram (2) depicting an example of the resonance coil connected to the load or the power supply;
FIG. 4C is a circuit diagram (3) depicting an example of the resonance coil connected to the load or the power supply;
FIG. 4D is a circuit diagram (4) depicting an example of the resonance coil connected to the load or the power supply;
FIG. 5A is a diagram (1) for illustrating an example of controlling a magnetic field by a plurality of power sources;
FIG. 5B is a diagram (2) for illustrating an example of controlling a magnetic field by the plurality of power sources;
FIG. 5C is a diagram (3) for illustrating an example of controlling a magnetic field by the plurality of power sources;
FIG. 6 is a diagram for illustrating an example of a correspondence between a plurality of power sources and a plurality of power receivers according to a related art;
FIG. 7 is a diagram for illustrating a state of each power receiver in FIG. 6 ;
FIG. 8A is a diagram (1) for illustrating correspondence between the plurality of power sources and the plurality of power receivers;
FIG. 8B is a diagram (2) for illustrating correspondence between the plurality of power sources and the plurality of power receivers;
FIG. 8C is a diagram (3) for illustrating correspondence between the plurality of power sources and the plurality of power receivers;
FIG. 9 is a diagram (4) for illustrating correspondence between the plurality of power sources and the plurality of power receivers;
FIG. 10 is a diagram for illustrating one example of a power transfer range in the wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power sources and power receivers;
FIG. 11 is a diagram for illustrating another example of a power transfer range in the wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power sources and power receivers;
FIG. 12 is a diagram for illustrating an example of a wireless power transfer system of the present embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a diagram for illustrating a switching operation in the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 12 ;
FIG. 14A is a diagram for illustrating a wireless power transfer system according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 14B is a diagram for illustrating a wireless power transfer system according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 14C is a diagram for illustrating a wireless power transfer system according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 15A is a block diagram for illustrating an example of the wireless power transfer system of the first embodiment depicted in FIG. 14A ;
FIG. 15B is a block diagram for illustrating an example of the wireless power transfer system of the second embodiment depicted in FIG. 14B ;
FIG. 15C is a block diagram for illustrating an example of the wireless power transfer system of the third embodiment depicted in FIG. 14C ;
FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an output control process of the power source by an entire controller in the wireless power transfer system according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a control process of a master device by the entire controller in the wireless power transfer system according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 18 is a block diagram for illustrating a modified example of the wireless power transfer system of the first embodiment;
FIG. 19 is a block diagram for illustrating another modified example of the wireless power transfer system of the first embodiment; and
FIG. 20 is a block diagram for illustrating an example of the power source in the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 15B .



DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
First, before describing embodiments of a wireless power transfer system and a wireless power transfer method, an example of a wireless power transfer system and a wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power sources and a plurality of power receivers according to a related art will be described, with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 .
FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically depicting one example of a wireless power transfer system. In FIG. 1 , reference sign 1 denotes a primary side (a power source side: a power source), and reference sign 2 denotes a secondary side (a power receiver side: a power receiver).
As depicted in FIG. 1 , power source 1 includes a wireless power transfer unit 11 , a high frequency power supply unit 12 , a power transfer control unit 13 , and a communication circuit unit 14 . In addition, power receiver 2 includes a wireless power reception unit 21 , a power reception circuit unit 22 , a power reception control unit 23 , and a communication circuit unit 24 .
The wireless power transfer unit 11 includes a first coil (a power supply coil) 11 b and a second coil (a power source resonance coil) 11 a , and the wireless power reception unit 21 includes a third coil (a power receiver resonance coil) 21 a and a fourth coil (a power extraction coil) 21 b.
As depicted in FIG. 1 , the power source 1 and the power receiver 2 perform energy (electric power) transmission from the power source 1 to the power receiver 2 by magnetic field resonance (electric field resonance) between the power source resonance coil 11 a and the power receiver resonance coil 21 a . Power transfer from the power source resonance coil 11 a to the c may be performed not only by magnetic field resonance but also electric field resonance or the like. However, the following description will be given mainly by way of example of magnetic field resonance.
The power source 1 and the power receiver 2 communicate with each other (near field communication) by the communication circuit unit 14 and the communication circuit unit 24 . Note that, a distance of power transfer (a power transfer range PR) by the power source resonance coil 11 a of power source 1 and the power receiver resonance coil 21 a of power receiver 2 is set to be shorter than a distance of communication (a communication range CR) by the communication circuit unit 14 of power source 1 and the communication circuit unit 24 of power receiver 2 (PR<CR).
In addition, power transfer by the power source resonance coil 11 a and the power receiver resonance coil 21 a is performed by a system (an out-band communication) independent from communication by the communication circuit units 14 and 24 . Specifically, power transfer by the resonance coils 11 a and 21 a uses, for example, a frequency band of 6.78 MHz, whereas communication by the communication circuit units 14 and 24 uses, for example, a frequency band of 2.4 GHz.
The communication by the communication circuit units 14 and 24 may use, for example, a DSSS wireless LAN system based on IEEE 802.11b or Bluetooth (registered trademark).
The above described wireless power transfer system performs power transfer using magnetic field resonance or electric field resonance by the power source resonance coil 11 a of the power source 1 and the power receiver resonance coil 21 a of the power receiver 2 , for example, in a near field at a distance of about a wavelength of a frequency used. Accordingly, the range of power transfer (a power transfer range) PR varies with the frequency used for power transfer.
The high frequency power supply unit 12 supplies power to the power supply coil (the first coil) 11 b , and the power supply coil 11 b supplies power to the power source resonance coil 11 a arranged very close to the power supply coil 11 b by using electromagnetic induction. The power source resonance coil 11 a transfers power to the power receiver resonance coil 21 a (the power receiver 2 ) at a resonance frequency that causes magnetic field resonance between the resonance coils 11 a and 21 a.
The power receiver resonance coil 21 a supplies power to the power extraction coil (the fourth coil) 21 b arranged very close to the power receiver resonance coil 21 a , by using electromagnetic induction. The power extraction coil 21 b is connected to the power reception circuit unit 22 to extract a predetermined amount of power. The power extracted from the power reception circuit unit 22 is used, for example, for charging a battery in the battery unit (load) 25 , as a power supply output to the circuits of power receiver 2 , or the like.
Note that, the high frequency power supply unit 12 of power source 1 is controlled by the power transfer control unit 13 , and the power reception circuit unit 22 of power receiver 2 is controlled by the power reception control unit 23 . Then, the power transfer control unit 13 and the power reception control unit 23 are connected via the communication circuit units 14 and 24 , and adapted to perform various controls so that power transfer from power source 1 to power receiver 2 may be performed in an optimum state.
FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C are diagrams for illustrating modified examples of a transmission coil in the wireless power transfer system of FIG. 1 . Note that, FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B depict exemplary three-coil structures, and FIG. 2C depicts an exemplary two-coil structure.
Specifically, in the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 1 , the wireless power transfer unit 11 includes the first coil 11 b and the second coil 11 a , and the wireless power reception unit 21 includes the third coil 21 a and the fourth coil.
On the other hand, in the example of FIG. 2A , the wireless power reception unit 21 is set as a single coil (a power receiver resonance coil: an LC resonator) 21 a , and in the example of FIG. 2B , the wireless power transfer unit 11 is set as a single coil (a power source resonance coil: an LC resonator) 11 a.
Further, in the example of FIG. 2C , the wireless power reception unit 21 is set as a single power receiver resonance coil 21 a and the wireless power transfer unit 11 is set as a single power source resonance coil 11 a . Note that, FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C are merely examples and, obviously, various modifications may be made.
FIG. 3A to FIG. 3D are circuit diagrams depicting examples of an independent resonance coil (the power receiver resonance coil 21 a ), and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D are circuit diagrams depicting examples of a resonance coil (the power receiver resonance coil 21 a ) connected to a load or a power supply.
Note that, FIG. 3A to FIG. 3D correspond to the power receiver resonance coil 21 a of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2B , and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D correspond to the power receiver resonance coil 21 a of FIG. 2A and FIG. 2C .
In the examples depicted in FIG. 3A and FIG. 4A , the power receiver resonance coil 21 a includes a coil (L) 211 , a capacitor (C) 212 , and a switch 213 connected in series, in which the switch 213 is ordinarily in an off-state. In the examples depicted in FIG. 3B and FIG. 4B , the power receiver resonance coil 21 a includes the coil (L) 211 and the capacitor (C) 212 connected in series, and the switch 213 connected in parallel to the capacitor 212 , in which the switch 213 is ordinarily in an on-state.
In the examples depicted in FIG. 3C and FIG. 4C , the power receiver resonance coil 21 a of FIG. 3B and FIG. 4B includes the switch 213 and the resistance (R) 214 connected in series and arranged in parallel to the capacitor 212 , in which the switch 213 is ordinarily in the on-state.
The examples of FIG. 3D and FIG. 4D depict the power receiver resonance coil 21 a of FIG. 3B and FIG. 4B , in which the switch 213 and another capacitor (C′) 215 connected in series are arranged in parallel to the capacitor 212 , and the switch 213 is ordinarily in the on-state.
In each of the power receiver resonance coils 21 a described above, the switch 213 is set to “off” or “on” so that the power receiver resonance coil 21 a does not operate ordinarily. The reason for this is, for example, to prevent heat generation or the like caused by power transfer to a power receiver 2 not in use (on power receiver) or to a power receiver 2 out of order.
In the above structure, the power source resonance coil 11 a of power source 1 may also be set as in FIG. 3A to FIG. 3D and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D . However, the power source resonance coil 11 a of the power source 1 may be set so as to operate ordinarily and may be controlled to be turned ON/OFF by an output of the high frequency power supply unit 12 . In this case, in the power source resonance coil 11 a , the switch 213 is to be short-circuited in FIG. 3A and FIG. 4A .
In this manner, when a plurality of power receivers 2 are present, selecting only the power receiver resonance coil 21 a of a predetermined power receiver 2 for receiving power transmitted from the power source 1 and making the power receiver resonance coil 21 a operable enables power to be transferred to the selected power receiver 2 .
FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C are diagrams for illustrating examples of controlling magnetic field by a plurality of power sources. In FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C , reference signs 1 A and 1 B denote power sources, and reference sign 2 denotes a power receiver.
As depicted in FIG. 5A , an power source resonance coil 11 a A for power transfer used for magnetic field resonance of the power source 1 A and an power source resonance coil 11 a B for power transfer used for magnetic field resonance of the power source 1 B are arranged, for example, so as to be orthogonal to each other.
Further, the power receiver resonance coil 21 a used for magnetic field resonance of the power receiver 2 is arranged at a different angle (an angle not parallel) at a position surrounded by the power source resonance coil 11 a A and the power source resonance coil 11 a B.
Note that, the power source resonance coil (LC resonator) 11 a A and 11 a B for power transfer may also be provided in a single power source. In other words, a single power source 1 may include a plurality of wireless power transfer units 11 .
Although details will be given later, designating one of the plurality of power sources as a master and the other one or more power sources as slaves means that a CPU (Central Processing Unit) of the single master power source controls all of the resonance coils included in the master power source and the slave power sources.
FIG. 5B depicts a situation in which the power source resonance coils 11 a A and 11 a B output an in-phase magnetic field, and FIG. 5C depicts a situation in which the power source resonance coils 11 a A and 11 a B output a reverse phase magnetic field.
For example, by comparing the cases where the power source resonance coils 11 a A and 11 a B output an in-phase magnetic field and a reverse phase magnetic field, a synthesized magnetic field becomes a 90° rotation relationship in each other, so that a power transfer is carried out to each power receiver 2 (power receiver resonance coil 21 a ) with suitably transmitting from the power source resonance coils 11 a A and 11 a B based on the postures of the power receiver 2 .
As described above, when power is transferred to the power receiver 2 positioned at an arbitrary position and an arbitrary posture (angle) by the plurality of power sources 1 A and 1 B, magnetic fields occurring in the resonance coils 11 a A and 11 a B of the power sources 1 A and 1 B change variously.
In other words, the wireless power transfer system of the present embodiment includes a plurality of power sources and at least one power receiver and adjusts outputs (strengths and phases) between the plurality of power sources according to positions (X, Y and Z) and postures (θk, θy and θz) of the power receiver.
In addition, it will be seen that, with respect to three-dimensional space, for example, using three or more power sources in the actual three-dimensional space, by adjusting the respective output phase differences and the output intensity ratios, so that the synthesized magnetic field may be controlled to any direction in the three-dimensional space.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for illustrating an example of a correspondence between a plurality of power sources and a plurality of power receivers according to a related art, and FIG. 7 is a diagram for illustrating a state of each power receiver in FIG. 6 . Note that FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 illustrate the case where two power sources 1 A and 1 B and five power receivers 2 A to 2 E are arranged.
In the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 6 , the single power source 1 A of the plurality of power sources 1 A and 1 B is designated as a master (primary) and the other power source 1 B is designated as a slave (secondary). For example, the master (the power source 1 A) determines processing such as optimization of the plurality of power sources and the power receiver.
In FIG. 6 , reference sign PRa denotes a power transfer range of the power source 1 A (a master power transfer range); reference sign PRb denotes a power transfer range of the power source 1 B (a slave power transfer range). Further, reference sign CRa denotes a communication range of the power source 1 A (a master communication range); and reference sign CRb denotes a communication range of the power source 1 B (a slave communication range). Accordingly, statuses of the power receivers 2 A to 2 E are as follows.
Specifically, as depicted in FIG. 7 , the power receiver 2 A is outside the master communication range CRa (x), outside the slave communication range Crb, outside the master power transfer range PRa, and outside the slave power transfer range PRb, and simply waits for communication from the power sources.
Next, the power receiver 2 B is located within the master communication range CRa (o), outside the slave communication range CRb, outside the master power transfer range PRa, and outside the slave power transfer range PRb. Thus, communicating with the master power source 1 A allows for a confirmation that the power receiver 2 B is outside the power ranges (outside the master and slave power transfer ranges).
In addition, the power receiver 2 C is within the master communication range CRa, within the slave communication range CRb, outside the master power transfer range PRa, and outside the slave power transfer range PRb. Thus, communicating with the master and slave power sources 1 A and 1 B allows for a confirmation that the power receiver 2 C is outside the power ranges.
In addition, the power receiver 2 D is within the master communication range CRa, within the slave communication range CRb, within the master power transfer range PRa, and outside the slave power transfer range PRb. Thus, communicating with the master and slave power sources 1 A and 1 B allows for a confirmation that the power receiver 2 D is within the power range of the power source 1 A (within the master power transfer range PRa).
Additionally, the power receiver 2 E is within the master communication range CRa, within the slave communication range CRb, within the master power transfer range PRa, and within the slave power transfer range PRb. Note that, the power receiver 2 E communicates with the master and slave power sources 1 A and 1 B, and it is confirmed that the power receiver 2 E is located within the power areas of the power sources 1 A and 1 B (within the power transfer ranges PRa and PRb).
Of the plurality of power sources, a single power source is determined as a master. The master may be determined, for example, depending on a condition in which a largest number of power receivers are located within the communication range of the power source or within the power transfer range thereof, as described later.
For example, when there is an equal condition in which each one power receiver is located within the communication ranges of the power sources, the master may be determined by adding an additional condition such as a communication strength between the power source and the power receiver, or an arbitrary one power source may be determined as a master using a random number table or the like.
When the power sources are of different manufacturers, optimization rules for strengths and phases of the power sources differ from each other. Thus, in the wireless power transfer system of the embodiment, designating one of the plurality of power sources as a master allows the master power source to control optimization for the power sources including the other one or more slave power sources.
FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C are diagrams for illustrating correspondence between the plurality of power sources and the plurality of power receivers, and illustrating how to determine a master and slaves in the plurality of power sources.
First, a master power source and slave power sources are determined in the plurality of power sources when the power sources are located within communication ranges (communication areas) of each other, power transfer ranges (power transfer areas) of the power sources overlap each other, and the relevant power receiver detects the overlapping of the power transfer ranges.
Specifically, FIG. 8A depicts a situation in which the communication range CRa of the power source 1 A overlaps the communication range CRb of the power source 1 B, whereas the power transfer range PRa of the power source 1 A does not overlap the power transfer range PRb of the power source 1 B. In this situation, since the power transfer ranges PRa and PRb do not overlap each other, both the power sources 1 A and 1 B are designated as respective master power sources.
Next, FIG. 8B depicts a situation in which the communication range CRa and the power transfer range PRa of the power source 1 A overlap the communication range CRb and the power transfer range PRb of the power source 1 B and the power receiver 2 is included in both the power transfer ranges PRa and PRb.
In the situation of FIG. 8B , the power sources 1 A and 1 B are located within the communication ranges CRa and CRb of each other, the power transfer ranges PRa and PRb overlap each other, and moreover, the power receiver 2 detects the overlapping of the power transfer ranges PRa and PRb.
Accordingly, in FIG. 8B , one ( 1 A) of the power sources 1 A and 1 B is designated as a master power source and the other one ( 1 B) thereof is designated as a slave power source. In this case, although the power source 1 B may be designated as a master and the power source 1 A may be designated as a slave, either one of the power sources 1 A and 1 B is designated as a master power source.
In addition, FIG. 8C depicts a situation in which the power sources 1 A and 1 B are arranged in the same positional relationship as that in FIG. 8B described above, but the power receiver 2 is not present (not located within the communication ranges CRa and CRb). In this situation, both the power sources 1 A and 1 B are designated as masters.
Similarly, when three or more power sources are arranged, for example, in the positional relationship corresponding to FIG. 8B , any one of the power sources is designated as a master power source. Various methods may be considered to designate a single master power source from the plurality of power sources. One example of the methods will be described with reference to FIG. 9 .
FIG. 9 is a diagram (4) for illustrating correspondence between the and a plurality of power sources and the plurality of power receivers, in which four power sources 1 A to 1 D are arranged in a line. A communication range CRa of the power source 1 A includes the power source 1 B but does not include the power sources 1 C and 1 D. Similarly, a communication range CRd of the power source 1 D includes the power source 1 C but does not include the power sources 1 A and 1 B.
In addition, a communication range CRb of the power source 1 B includes the power sources 1 A and 1 C but does not include the power source 1 D. Similarly, a communication range CRc of the power source 1 C includes the power sources 1 B and 1 D but does not include the power source 1 A.
In the situation of FIG. 9 , for example, the power source 1 B is designated as a mater (a master power source) and the other power sources 1 A, 1 C and 1 D are designated as slaves (slave power sources). Alternatively, the power source 1 C may be designated as a master.
Meanwhile, designating the power source 1 B as a master power source makes it difficult to directly communicate with the power source 1 D. In this case, the power source 1 B communicates with the power source 1 D via the power source 1 C to control optimization, and the like. Therefore, it is preferable to designate, as a master, a power source that may directly communicate with a largest number of power sources when designating a single master from a plurality of power sources.
Further, in FIG. 9 , the four power sources 1 A to 1 D are arranged in a straight line. However, practically, a plurality of power sources will be disposed in various positional relationships, for example, by being embedded in a wall or a ceiling of a room, being built in a desk or a table, or being mounted on a floor, a table, or the like.
Next, an example of a power transfer area (power transfer range) in a wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power sources and power receivers, and problems caused therein will be explained with reference to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 .
FIG. 10 is a diagram for illustrating one example of a power transfer range in the wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power sources and power receivers. In FIG. 10 , reference signs 1 A to 1 E denote power sources, 2 A to 2 F denote power receivers, and PRa to PRe denote power transfer ranges of the power sources 1 A to 1 E, respectively.
In the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 10 , the power transfer ranges PRa to PRe generated by five power sources 1 A to 1 E are divided into two power transfer groups. Specifically, in the case of grouping a plurality of power sources, it is preferable to combine a plurality of power sources into one power transfer group where mutual power transfer ranges thereof are overlapped.
Specifically, in FIG. 10 , three power sources 1 A to 1 C, where mutual power transfer ranges PRa to PRc of the power sources 1 A to 1 C are overlapped, are combined into a first power transfer group PG 1 , and two power sources 1 D and 1 E, where mutual power transfer ranges PRd and PRe of the power sources 1 D and 1 E are overlapped, are combined into a second power transfer group PG 2 .
Note that, in the first power transfer group PG 1 , the power transfer ranges PRa and PRc of the power sources 1 A and 1 C are not directly overlapped, however, the power transfer range PRb of the power source 1 B is overlapped both the power transfer ranges PRa and PRc. Therefore, these three power sources 1 A to 1 C are combined into the same power transfer group.
Therefore, the power receivers 2 A to 2 D included in the first power transfer group PG 1 are target power receivers to be performed power transfer by the power sources 1 A to 1 C, and the power receivers 2 E and 2 F included in the second power transfer group PG 2 are target power receivers to be performed power transfer by the power sources 1 D and 1 E.
Specifically, each of the power receivers 2 A to 2 D receives optimized power wirelessly transferred from the power sources 1 A to 1 C of the first power transfer group PG 1 by controlling phases and intensities of outputs of the power sources 1 A to 1 C based on positions and postures of respective receivers 2 A to 2 D.
FIG. 11 is a diagram for illustrating another example of a power transfer range in the wireless power transfer system including a plurality of power sources and power receivers. In FIG. 11 , reference signs 1 A to 1 J denote power sources, 2 A to 2 T denote power receivers, and PRa to PRj denote power transfer ranges of the power sources 1 A to 1 J, respectively.
Note that, above described FIG. 10 illustrates the case where five power sources 1 A to 1 E and six power receivers 2 A to 2 F are divided into two power transfer groups, however, FIG. 11 illustrates the case where ten power sources 1 A to 1 J and twenty power receivers 2 A to 2 T are densely provided.
Specifically, as depicted in FIG. 11 , in the ten power sources 1 A to 1 J, when mutual power transfer ranges PRa to PRj are overlapped, these ten power sources 1 A to 1 J are combined into one power transfer group PG 10 .
Therefore, the twenty power receivers 2 A to 2 T included in the same power transfer group PG 10 may be target power receivers to be performed power transfer by the ten power sources 1 A to 1 J, and the power receivers 2 A and 2 T may receive optimized power wirelessly transferred from the power sources 1 A to 1 J by controlling phases and intensities of outputs thereof based on positions and postures of respective receivers 2 A to 2 T.
Therefore, when a large number of power sources (for example, ten power sources) 1 A to 1 J are included in one power transfer group PG 10 , it is difficult to calculate optimized powers of respective power sources so as to perform power transfer to an optional one power receiver.
Specifically, so as to obtain optimized conditions of the power sources, a calculation time may become long, a memory capacity may become large, and computer spec (processing throughput of MPU) may become high. This means that the above values may be drastically increased, in accordance with increasing the number of the power sources.
In particular, calculations of magnetic field resonance simulation for optimizing outputs of respective power sources may be impossible to perform when power sources and power receivers are plural, since calculations of magnetic field resonance simulation for optimizing an output of one power source to one power receiver requires a large memory capacity and long calculation time.
Note that, each of the above described power sources 1 A to 1 J is not limited to an independent power source, but may be a power supply coil (power transfer resonant coil 11 a ). Specifically, for example, power source 1 A and 1 B depicted in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 may be determined to two power supply coils of one power source.
Below, embodiments of a wireless power transfer system and a wireless power transfer method will be explained in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 12 is a diagram for illustrating an example of a wireless power transfer system of the present embodiment, corresponding to the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 11 which includes ten power sources 1 A to 1 J and twenty power receivers 2 A to 2 T. In FIG. 12 , reference sign 100 denotes an entire controller.
As apparently depicted by comparing FIG. 12 with above described FIG. 11 , in the wireless power transfer system of this embodiment, for example, outputs of two power sources 1 D and 1 H in ten power sources 1 A to 1 J are stopped (OFF: power transfer stopped) by the entire controller 100 .
Specifically, the entire controller 100 controls an entire wireless power transfer system by setting power sources to be stopped, cutting overlapping of power transfer ranges, and forming power transfer groups each including the predetermined maximum number of the power sources.
Note that, the entire controller 100 may communicate with all power sources 1 A to 1 J directly or via other power sources, and control to stop the power sources 1 D and 1 H by using those communications.
Therefore, by stopping two power sources 1 D and 1 H in ten power sources 1 A to 1 J, three power transfer groups PG 11 to PG 13 may be established.
Specifically, the transfer group PG 11 includes three power sources 1 A to 1 C and six power receivers 2 A to 2 F, and the power transfer group PG 12 includes three power sources 1 E to 1 G and eight power receivers 2 H to 2 O. Further, the power transfer group PG 13 includes two power source 1 I and 1 J and four power receiver 2 Q to 2 T.
Note that, the entire controller 100 may confirm positions and power service areas (power transfer ranges of respective power sources, and estimate power transfer groups formed by switching ON (operating) any of power sources.
Further, the entire controller 100 may watch the number of power sources and power receivers included in each of the power transfer groups PG 11 to PG 13 , and control the division of power transfer groups, so that the number of power sources and power receivers in the same power group does not exceed a predetermined number.
Specifically, in FIG. 12 illustrates the case when the number of power sources included in one power transfer group is equal or under three, that is, the maximum number of power sources whose power transfer rages overlapped is limited to three, and the number of power receivers included in one power transfer group is equal or under eight.
In the above, the power sources 1 A to 1 J are not independent power sources, but may be power supply coils (power transfer resonant coils 11 a ), as described above.
FIG. 13 is a diagram for illustrating a switching operation in the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 12 , and illustrates a part depicted in FIG. 12 wherein seven power sources 1 A to 1 G and fifteen power receivers 2 A to 2 O are included.
In FIG. 13 , upper drawing corresponds to seven power sources 1 A to 1 G and fifteen power receivers 2 A to 2 O depicted in FIG. 12 , which indicates a power transfer state STA wherein an output of one power source 1 D is stopped and divided into two power transfer groups PG 11 and PG 12 .
In FIG. 13 , lower drawing indicates a power transfer state STB wherein the output of the power source 1 D is turned on, outputs of the power sources 1 B and 1 F are turned OFF, and divided into one power transfer group PG 14 and single power sources (power transfer group including only one power source) 1 A, 1 G.
The power transfer state STA and STB may be switched in accordance with the control of the entire controller 100 by a predetermined time interval (for example, several minutes). Note that, the number of power transfer states (power transfer patterns) is not limited to two, i.e., over three, and at least three power transfer states may be sequentially switched.
Therefore, for example, the power receiver 2 G, which does not receive power in the power transfer state STA, may be receive power in the power transfer state STB, by switching the plurality of power transfer patterns (power transfer states STA, STB). Note that, the power receivers 2 C, 2 D, 2 K and 2 L, which do not receive power in the power transfer state STB, may receive power in the power transfer state STA, so that power transfer may be performed to all of the power receivers.
FIG. 14A is a diagram for illustrating a wireless power transfer system according to a first embodiment, FIG. 14B is a diagram for illustrating a wireless power transfer system according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 14C is a diagram for illustrating a wireless power transfer system according to a third embodiment. Note that, FIG. 14A to FIG. 14C indicate a part including four power sources 1 A to 1 D and eight power receivers 2 A to 2 H depicted in FIG. 12 .
First, as depicted in FIG. 14A , in the wireless power transfer system of the first embodiment, the entire controller 100 is provided as a dedicated device which is different from the power sources 1 A to 1 D and power receivers 2 A to 2 H, as similar to above described FIG. 12 .
That is, in the wireless power transfer system of the first embodiment, the entire controller 100 does not perform power transfer or receive power by itself, but the entire controller 100 controls ON/OFF of respective power sources, and adjusts phases and intensities of the respective power sources by using a server, or the like.
Further, as depicted in FIG. 14B , in the wireless power transfer system of the second embodiment, the entire controller 100 is provided as one power source 1 C. Specifically, one of the power sources is used for the entire controller, that is, the power source 1 C is adapted to function as the entire controller 100 .
Further, as depicted in FIG. 14C , in the wireless power transfer system of the third embodiment, the entire controller 100 is provided as one power receiver 2 E. Specifically, one of the power receivers is used for the entire controller, that is, the power receiver 2 E is adapted to function as the entire controller 100 .
Note that, for example, in the case of determining the power source 1 C to the entire controller 100 , the entire controller 100 may be set by applying the same method as that of determining the master power source which is explained with reference to FIG. 5A to FIG. 9 . Note that, a communication system among the entire controller 100 , the power sources 1 A to 1 D, and the power receivers 2 A to 2 H may be performed by either wired or wireless.
In the above, for example, the determination of the power source whose output is stopped by the entire controller 100 may be controlled according to the following conditions 1 and 2.
Condition 1: The number of power sources (power receivers) included in a power transfer group is set to be equal or less than a predetermined number.
Condition 2: The output of a power source used for performing power transfer (power supplying) to a high priority power receiver is not stopped.
Note that, the high priority power receiver is, for example, a power receiver whose remaining battery capacity is low or a power receiver specified to preferentially receive power by a user. Further, if there is a power receiver to be not received power due to stopped power sources, for example, preferentially performing power transfer to the power receiver to be not received power, and may divide again power transfer groups by applying the above conditions 1 and 2.
Therefore, an optimization for adjusting outputs of a plurality of power sources, which are closely provided and received mutually interferences each other, may be performed, so that a preferable power supplying (power transfer) may be realized.
FIG. 15A is a block diagram for illustrating an example of the wireless power transfer system of the first embodiment depicted in FIG. 14A , and illustrates the entire controller 100 (entire control unit 200 ) together with two power sources and two power receivers 2 E and 2 F.
As depicted in FIG. 15A , the entire control unit 200 , which is provided as a dedicated device different from the power sources and power receivers, includes an external controller (entire controller) 100 and a communication circuit unit 104 . The power sources 1 C and 1 D include the same configurations, and the power source 1 C, 1 D includes a wireless power transfer unit 11 C, 11 D, a high frequency power supply unit 12 C, 12 D, a power transfer control unit 13 C, 13 D, and a communication circuit unit 14 C, 14 D.
The high frequency power supply unit 12 C, 12 D generates an electric power of a high frequency, for example, which corresponds to the high frequency power supply unit 12 depicted in FIG. 1 as described above. The power transfer control unit 13 C, 13 D controls the wireless power transfer unit 11 C, 11 D, and the communication circuit unit 14 C, 14 D enables to communicate among the entire control unit 200 and each of the power sources and power receivers.
Note that, the communication between the communication circuit unit 14 C of the power source 1 C, 1 D, and the communication circuit unit 24 E, 24 F of the power receiver 2 E, 2 F may be performed by using, for example, a DSSS type wireless LAN based on the IEEE 802.11b or a Bluetooth (registered trademark).
Further, the communication between the power sources or the entire control unit 200 may be performed by using the above Bluetooth (registered trademark), and the like or wired or wireless LAN. In addition, the power sources 1 C and 1 D may be formed as two wireless power transfer units ( 11 ) provided in one power source 1 .
The wireless power transfer unit 11 C, 11 D corresponds to a coil in the case of applying magnetic field resonance, and converts a high frequency power output from the high frequency power supply unit 12 C, 12 D into magnetic field.
The entire control unit 200 (external controller 100 ) may be supplied with information, for example, relative positional relationship of the power sources 1 C and 1 D, and relative positional relationship of the power receivers 2 E and 2 F. Note that, a method for detecting the positional relationship may be applied, for example, an imaging system by using a plurality of cameras.
The power receivers 2 E and 2 F include the same configurations, and the power receiver 2 E, 2 F includes a wireless power reception unit 21 E, 21 F, a rectifier (power receiving circuit) and a battery unit (apparatus body) 22 E ( 25 E), 22 F ( 25 F), a power reception control unit 23 E, 23 F, and a communication circuit unit 24 E, 24 F.
The power reception control unit 23 E, 23 F controls the power receiver 2 E, 2 F, and the communication circuit unit 24 E, 24 F enables to communicate among the entire control unit 200 , the power sources and the power receivers, which may be realized by using, for example, a Bluetooth (registered trademark).
In the case of transferring power by using magnetic field resonance, the wireless power reception unit 21 E, 21 F is equivalent to a coil for converting an electric power wirelessly transmitted to a current. The rectifier 22 E, 22 F converts an alternating current obtained by the wireless power reception unit 21 E, 21 F to a direct current used for charging a battery or driving an apparatus body ( 25 E, 25 F).
As described above, the entire control unit 200 , the power sources 1 C and 1 D, and the power receivers 2 E and 2 F may communicate each other by using respective communication circuit units 104 , 14 C, 14 D, 24 E, and 24 F. Note that, the external controller 100 may control the power sources 1 C and 1 D, and the power receivers 2 E and 2 F.
Further, it is not limited to a wireless power transfer using magnetic field resonance between the wireless power transfer units 11 C and 11 D, and the wireless power reception units 21 E or 21 F, but, for example, electric field resonance, electromagnetic induction, and electric field induction may be also applied to the wireless power transfer system.
FIG. 15B is a block diagram for illustrating an example of the wireless power transfer system of the second embodiment depicted in FIG. 14B , and illustrates the case of using one power source 1 C as the entire controller 100 . Specifically, FIG. 15 illustrates an example wherein the power transfer control unit 13 C of the power source 1 C is used as the entire controller 100 .
As apparently depicted by comparing FIG. 15B with above described FIG. 15A , the power transfer control unit 13 C of an optional power source 1 C of the plurality of power sources may be used as the entire controller 100 (entire control unit 200 ) without independently providing the dedicated device different from the power sources and power receivers.
In this case, the communication circuit unit 104 of the entire control unit 200 in FIG. 15A may be also used by the communication circuit unit 14 C of the power source 1 C, and therefore the hardware capacity may be reduced. Note that, the power transfer control unit 13 C of the power source 1 C may be required high processing capacity CPU (MPU) than that of the power transfer control units of the other power sources.
FIG. 15C is a block diagram for illustrating an example of the wireless power transfer system of the third embodiment depicted in FIG. 14C , and illustrates the case of using one power receiver 2 E as the entire controller 100 , that is, illustrates an example wherein the power reception control unit 23 E of the power receiver 2 E is used as the entire controller 100 .
As apparently depicted by comparing FIG. 15 with above described FIG. 15A , the power reception control unit 23 E of an optional power receiver 2 E of the plurality of power receivers may be used as the entire controller 100 (entire control unit 200 ) without independently providing the dedicated device different from the power sources and power receivers.
In this case, the communication circuit unit 104 of the entire control unit 200 depicted in FIG. 15A may be also used by the communication circuit unit 24 E of the power receiver 2 E, and therefore the hardware capacity may be reduced. Note that, the power reception control unit 23 E of the power receiver 2 E may be required high processing capacity CPU than that of the power transfer control units of the other power receivers.
FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an output control process of the power source by an entire controller in the wireless power transfer system according to the present embodiment.
When staring an output control process of the power source by the entire controller, in step ST 11 , the entire controller searches positional relationships among respective power sources and power receivers, and battery statuses and received power amounts of respective power receivers. Specifically, the entire controller 100 performs information gathering by individually communicating with each of the power sources and power receivers, and the processing proceeds to step ST 12 .
In step ST 12 , the entire controller detects provisional power transfer groups (provisional power transfers G) based on power ranges of respective power sources, and the processing proceeds to step ST 13 . In step ST 13 , the entire controller determines whether or not the number of power sources and power receivers included in each of the provisional power transfers G is equal or lower than a predetermined number.
In step ST 13 , in the case of determining that the number of power sources and power receivers included in each of the provisional power transfers G is equal or lower than the predetermined number, the processing proceeds to step ST 14 , and the provisional power transfers G are determined to actual power transfer groups (power transfers G). Concretely, in above described FIG. 12 , it is illustrated that the number of power sources is equal or lower than three and the number of power receivers is equal or lower than eight included in each of the provisional power transfers G (PG 11 to PG 13 ).
Further, the processing proceeds to step ST 15 , the entire controller considers transfer conditions in the respective power transfers G, and instructs output conditions to each of the power sources of respective power transfers G. Further, the processing proceeds to step ST 16 , and wireless power transferring and receiving operations will be performed.
On the other hand, in step ST 13 , it is determined that the number of power sources and power receivers included in each of the provisional power transfers G is not equal or lower than the predetermined numbers, the processing proceeds to step ST 17 , and the provisional power transfers G is improved so as to the numbers of the power sources and power receivers lower than the predetermined numbers. Specifically, in step ST 17 , the entire controller determines new transfer groups G 1 , G 2 , G 3 , . . . , Gn, and the processing proceeds to step ST 18 .
In step ST 18 , the entire controller considers transfer conditions in the respective power transfers G, and instructs the output conditions to each of the power sources of respective power transfers G, and the processing proceeds to step ST 19 , and the wireless power transfer may be performed in a predetermined time.
Further, the process proceeds to step ST 20 , the entire controller considers transfer conditions in the transfer group G 2 , and instructs the output conditions to each of the power sources of respective power transfers G 2 , and the processing proceeds to step ST 21 , and the wireless power transfer may be performed in a predetermined time.
Further, the processing proceeds to step ST 22 , the entire controller returns to step ST 11 and repeatedly performs the same processes, after performing the above processes of steps ST 18 , 19 and steps ST 20 , 21 until for transfer group Gn. Note that, the output control processes of the power source performed by the entire controller depicted in FIG. 16 is merely an example, and various modifications may be possible.
FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a control process of a master device by the entire controller in the wireless power transfer system according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 17 , the master device corresponds to the master power source explained above with reference to FIG. 14B , and FIG. 6 to FIG. 9 . Note that, in the case of applying a power receiver to the master device as depicted in FIG. 14C , the master power source may be considered as the master power receiver.
When staring a control process of the master device by the entire controller, in step ST 31 , the entire controller searched positional relationships among respective power sources and power receivers, and battery statuses and received power amounts of respective power receivers. Specifically, the entire controller 100 performs information gathering by individually communicating with each of the power sources and power receivers, and the processing proceeds to step ST 32 .
In step ST 32 , the entire controller detects provisional power transfer groups (provisional power transfers G) based on power ranges of respective power sources, and the processing proceeds to step ST 33 . In step ST 33 , the entire controller determines whether or not the number of power sources and power receivers included in each of the provisional power transfers G is equal or lower than a predetermined number.
In step ST 33 , in the case of determining that the number of power sources and power receivers included in each of the provisional power transfers G is equal or lower than a predetermined number, the processing proceeds to step ST 34 , and the provisional power transfers G are determined to power transfers G (actual power transfer groups).
Further, the processing proceeds to step ST 35 , the entire controller considers transfer conditions in the respective power transfers G, and selects a master power source in each of the power transfers G. Further, the processing proceeds to step ST 36 , and wireless power transferring and receiving operations will be performed by the master power source.
Specifically, the entire controller only selects the master power source, and the selected master power source may consider the transfer conditions in the respective power transfers G, instruct output conditions to each of the power sources of respective power transfers G, and control wireless power transferring and receiving operations.
On the other hand, in step ST 33 , it is determined that the number of power sources and power receivers included in each of the provisional power transfers G is not equal or lower than the predetermined numbers, the processing proceeds to step ST 37 , and the provisional power transfers G is improved so as to the numbers of the power sources and power receivers lower than the predetermined numbers. Specifically, in step ST 37 , the entire controller determines new transfer groups G 1 , G 2 , G 3 , . . . , Gn, and the processing proceeds to step ST 38 .
In step ST 38 , the entire controller selects a master power source in the respective power transfers G, and the processing proceeds to step ST 39 , and the wireless power transfer may be performed in a predetermined time.
Specifically, the entire controller only performs the selection of the power sources to be stopped and the selection of the master power source (step ST 38 ), and the selected master power source may control the wireless power transferring and receiving operations in respective power transfers G.
Further, the processing proceeds to step ST 40 , the entire controller considers transfer conditions in the respective power transfers G 2 , and instruct output conditions to each of the power sources of respective power transfers G 2 . Further, the processing proceeds to step ST 41 , and wireless power transferring and receiving operations in the respective power transfers G may be performed by the master power source in a predetermined time. Specifically, the selected master power source control the wireless power transferring and receiving operations in the respective power transfers G.
Further, the processing proceeds to step ST 42 , the entire controller returns to step ST 31 and repeatedly performs the same processes, after performing the above processes of steps ST 38 , 39 and steps ST 40 , 41 until for transfer group Gn. Note that, the output control processes of the power source performed by the entire controller depicted in FIG. 17 is merely an example, and various modifications may be possible.
FIG. 18 is a block diagram for illustrating a modified example of the wireless power transfer system of the first embodiment. As apparently depicted by comparing FIG. 18 with above described FIG. 15A , in the wireless power transfer system of FIG. 18 , the entire controller 100 is provided in a center server 300 .
The power source 1 C includes a first communication circuit unit 14 C and a second communication circuit unit 15 C, the power source 1 D includes a first communication circuit unit 14 D and a second communication circuit unit 15 D. Note that, the first communication circuit unit 14 C, 14 D of the power source 1 C, 1 D may correspond to the communication circuit unit 14 C, 15 C depicted in above described FIG. 15A , and perform near field communication by using, for example, a Bluetooth (registered trademark).
Specifically, respective power sources 1 C and 1 D establish near field communication with all power receivers 2 E and 2 F included in the power transfer range by using the first communication circuit units 14 C and 14 D, so that mutual information may be exchanged each other.
Note that, the mutual information exchanged between the power source 1 C, 1 D and the power receiver 2 E, 2 F includes power receiver information such as position information of respective power receivers 2 E, 2 F and power information (battery status/received power amount).
The second communication circuit unit 15 C, 15 D of the power source 1 C, 1 D performs communication with the entire controller provided in the center server 300 by using cloud computing system via, for example, a wired LAN, the Internet line, and the like.
The communication between the second communication circuit unit 15 C, 15 D and the entire controller 100 is not limited to the wired communication, and further, the center server 300 is not limited to the use of the cloud computing system via the Internet.
Specifically, for example, the center server 300 and the second communication circuit units in home or office may be wired connections, and in the home or office, the second communication circuit units may be connected by a wireless LAN using a wireless LAN router, or the like.
Note that, information exchanged between the power source 1 C, 1 D and the entire controller 100 via the second communication circuit unit 15 C, 15 D may include power source information for output conditions or positions of respective power sources 1 C and 1 D, in addition to the power receiver information via the first communication circuit unit 14 C, 14 D.
Therefore, the center server 300 (entire controller 100 ) optimizes transfer groups based on the power source information transmitted from the power source 1 C, 1 D via the second communication circuit unit 15 C, 15 D and the power receiver information.
When the power transfer group is too large, the entire controller 100 selects power sources to be stopped, and divides the large power transfer group into a plurality of optimized size power transfer groups. Further, the entire controller 100 transfers output instructions (current strength and phase information) to respective power sources, and performs the optimizations of the power transfer groups. Note that, the entire controller 100 may switch power transfer groups by changing the power sources to be stopped.
Specifically, by providing the entire controller 100 to the center server 300 , that is, by using the center server 300 which includes a large processing capacity as the entire controller 100 , an optimized power transfer calculation may be performed in a short time.
Therefore, the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 18 may be preferable to apply, for example, companies or public facilities or commercial wireless power transfer systems where power transfer may be performed from a large number of power sources to a large number of power receivers.
FIG. 19 is a block diagram for illustrating another modified example of the wireless power transfer system of the first embodiment, and corresponds to the wireless power transfer system by combining the modification depicted in FIG. 18 with the wireless power transfer system depicted in above described FIG. 15C .
As apparently depicted by comparing FIG. 19 with FIG. 18 and FIG. 15C , the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 19 includes a first entire controller 110 provided in the center server 300 , and a second entire controller 120 provided in the power reception control unit 23 E of the power receiver 2 E.
Specifically, the power receiver 2 E includes a second communication circuit unit 26 E which performs telecommunications with the center server 300 , in addition to a first communication circuit unit 24 E which performs near field communication between the power sources 1 C, 1 D and another power receiver 2 F by using the Bluetooth (registered trademark) and the like.
Note that, when the power receiver 2 E is a mobile phone or smartphone, the second communication circuit unit 26 E may be used both originally provided communication circuit, for example, 3G or 4G network (for example, LTE (Long Term Evolution) or WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiplexing Access).
Further, the center server 300 (first entire controller 110 ) optimizes transfer groups based on the power source information and the power receiver information similar to those explained with reference to FIG. 18 , which are transmitted via the second communication circuit unit 26 E of the power receiver 2 E.
Note that, the power sources 1 C, 1 D in the same power transfer group and another power receiver 2 F are, for example, controlled by the second entire controller 120 of the power receiver 2 E, similar to the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 15C , without considering the first entire controller 110 of the center server 300 .
Note that, the communication between the power receiver 2 E and the first entire controller 110 (center server 300 ) may not always performed, for example, only performed when exceeding the processing capacity of the second entire controller 120 provided in the power receiver 2 E.
Therefore, a calculation of optimum power transfer may be performed by the first entire controller 110 , the calculation results are transmitted to respective power sources 1 C and 1 D via the second entire controller 120 provided in the power receiver 2 E, so that power transfer for the power receivers 2 E and 2 F are performed. Note that, the second entire controller 120 provided in the power reception control unit 23 E of the power receiver 2 E may be, for example, provide in the power transfer control unit 13 E of the power source 1 E.
Therefore, by utilizing an external center server 300 including a large processing capacity as an entire controller, a calculation of optimum power transfer may be performed in a short time, so that selection of power transfer groups or power transfer of the respective power transfer groups may be efficiently performed.
FIG. 20 is a block diagram for illustrating an example of the power source (power source 1 C provided with an entire controller 100 ) in the wireless power transfer system depicted in FIG. 15B .
As depicted in FIG. 20 and FIG. 15B , in the power source 1 C, the wireless power transfer unit 11 C includes an LC resonator 11 a C and a power supply coil 11 b C. A high frequency power supply unit 12 C includes an oscillator 127 , an amplifier 128 and a matching device 129 .
The power transfer control unit 13 C includes a power transfer control circuit 131 and a frequency lock circuit 132 . Note that, the power transfer control circuit 131 actuates as the entire controller 100 . The frequency lock circuit 132 receives a synchronization signal from the communication circuit unit 14 C, and performs a synchronization process of the oscillator 127 by a predetermined interval (for example, several minutes to several ten minutes interval).
The oscillator 127 generates a driving signal having a predetermined frequency (for example, 6.78 MHz), and the driving signal is output to the wireless power transfer unit 11 C (power supply coil 11 b C) via the amplifier 128 and the matching device 129 .
The power transfer control circuit 131 includes a CPU (processor) 134 connected by an internal bus 133 , a memory 135 and an input-output circuit (I/O unit) 136 . The memory 135 includes a rewritable non-volatile memory, e.g., a flash memory, and a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), and the like. Then, various processes (software programs) may be performed in the power source 1 C, the slave power source 1 B and power receivers.
The power source 1 C includes, for example, a detection unit SA for checking a relative positional relationship between the power source 1 C and the slave power source 1 B. The output of the detection unit SA is, for example, input to the CPU 134 via the I/O unit 136 , and is used to perform a software program (wireless power transfer program, or control program of the power source) stored in the memory 135 .
The wireless power transfer program stored in a portable recording medium (for example, an SD (Secure Digital) memory card) 70 , may be stored in the memory 135 via the I/O unit 136 .
Alternatively, the program may be read out from a hard disk device 61 of a program (data) provider 60 via a communication line and the I/O unit 135 , and stored in the memory 135 . The communication line from the hard disk device 61 to the I/O unit 136 may be a wireless communication line by using the communication circuit unit 14 .
Further, the recording medium (computer-readable recording medium) to which the portable wireless power transfer program is recorded may be a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), a Blu-ray disc (Blu-ray Disc), and the like.
In the above description of respective embodiments, a power transfer is mainly explained by using magnetic field resonance. Nevertheless, the present embodiment may apply to the power transfer using electric field resonance.
All examples and conditional language provided herein are intended for the pedagogical purposes of aiding the reader in understanding the invention and the concepts contributed by the inventor to further the art.
Further, the above examples and conditions are not to be construed as limitations to such specifically recited examples and conditions, nor does the organization of such examples in the specification relate to a showing of the superiority and inferiority of the invention.
In addition, although one or more embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it should be understood that the various changes, substitutions, and alterations could be made hereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
All examples and conditional language provided herein are intended for the pedagogical purposes of aiding the reader in understanding the invention and the concepts contributed by the inventor to further the art, and are not to be construed as limitations to such specifically recited examples and conditions, nor does the organization of such examples in the specification relate to a showing of the superiority and inferiority of the invention. Although one or more embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it should be understood that the various changes, substitutions, and alterations could be made hereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.